Factors to consider when drilling a borehole

However, before we dive more into these factors, lets take a few things out of the way.

1. What is a borehole?

A borehole is a generic term describing a narrow shaft bored deep into the ground, either horizontally or vertically. Boreholes are drilled for many reasons, such as the extraction of water, gasses, and other liquids from the earth.

In this context, a borehole is a narrow, deep hole drilled into the ground to tap into underground aquifers and access constant water supply.

2. Factors to consider when drilling a borehole

2.1 Hydrogeological survey

Before proceeding to borehole drilling, its essential to conduct a thorough hydrogeological survey to gain insight into the hydrological and geological situation of the area. A few of the things to analyze at this stage include soil types and composition, rock formation, etc.

2.2 Site location

Your preferred location for borehole drilling is best defined after conducting the hydrogeological survey. If the site has extremely soft soil, it may collapse easily; if there are hard rocks, penetration will require special drilling equipment.

2.3 Water quality

Conduct water quality tests to know the pH level, level of minerals, and presence of contaminants in the water.

Aside from the influence of water on the users, corrosive and highly mineralized water can shorten the durability of the borehole itself.

Ensure that the quality of water is safe enough for the intended use.

2.4 Depth estimation

There is an average depth required for every borehole, but its primarily based on the geographical situation of the location and the depth of the aquifer. You can only conclude on this one by consulting professional hydrogeologists.

2.5 Method of drilling

There are different methods of borehole drilling, and they work best on different soil and rock types. Some standard methods of borehole drilling include rotary and percussion drilling.

2.6 The Groundwater level

The groundwater level plays a crucial role in your borehole quality. Some areas have high water tables, generating better water pressure than others. You need the help of an experienced hydrogeologist to analyze your site and determine a more favorable location. Be sure to choose the location with the highest water table for your borehole project.

2.7 Proximity from other boreholes

The presence of numerous boreholes in a small location can reduce your water pressure and invariably pump less water. Avoid digging in a place clustered with boreholes for better water pressure.

2.8 Power generation

Most boreholes in Nigeria are electrically powered, while a few are powered by solar energy. If your borehole power is generated by sunlight, feel free to position it wherever. However, if your borehole’s source of power is electricity, position it close to a power source unless you have plans to run your wire cables to the pump.

2.9 Excellent Installation

A significant percentage of borehole durability is attributed to the quality of installation. Boreholes installed by experienced and exceptional contractors will stand the test of time than those installed by amateurs. You need professionals to inspect and conduct your borehole drilling project from start to finish.

2.10 Cost implication

Its only wise to analyze the cost of the project before commencing. Consider the initial drilling expenses, the pump installation, and the hidden costs.

It is said that installing a borehole in Nigeria comes with a lot of hidden costs, so its best to be armed before the battle. Do this while consulting an experienced contractor.  Also, consider the cost of maintenance.

3. What is the ideal depth of a borehole?

Many factors, such as geographic location, geological formation, the purpose of the borehole drilling, the water table depth, etc, influence the ideal depth of a borehole. The typical depth of boreholes in Nigeria ranges from 100 to 300 meters.

Some experts argue that 70-80 meters work well, but you need a hydrogeologist who can inspect your geological situation before determining the depth required.

4. How many years can a borehole last?

Boreholes have a long lifespan; some even outlive their owners. However, a few factors, such as construction quality, maintenance, usage, geographical conditions, and a few others, can either contribute to the longevity of your borehole or subtract from it.

Boreholes installed by professionals like us are more likely to enjoy a longer lifespan. The average lifespan of a borehole is 50-80 years.

5. Final words

These factors are to guide you through your borehole drilling project and yield excellent results. Borehole drilling is not a DIY project. You need to consult an experienced bore-drilling expert and a hydrogeologist for outstanding results. We have all these skills available for you.

Get in touch with us, and we will connect you to our best professionals closer to you anywhere in Nigeria.